Hou Yì

Hou Yì was himself an immortal, while Chang'e was a beautiful young girl, working in the Jade Emperor's (Emperor of Heaven) Palace as the attendant to the Queen Mother of the West (wife of the Jade Emperor), before her marriage. One day, Yì aroused the jealousy of the other immortals, who then slandered him before the Jade Emperor. Yì and his wife, Chang'e, were subsequently banished from heaven, and forced to live by hunting on earth. He became a famous archer.

Now at this time, there were 10 suns that took turns to circle the earth — one every 10 days. One day, all 10 of the suns circled together, causing the earth to scorch. Emperor Yao, the Emperor of China, commanded Yì to kill all but one of the suns. Upon the completion of his task, the Emperor rewarded Yì with a pill, the elixir of life, and advised him: "Make no haste to swallow this pill, but first prepare yourself with prayer and fasting for a year". Yì took the pill home and hid it under a rafter, while he began healing his spirit. In the midst of this, Yì was summoned again by the emperor. While he was gone, Chang'e noticed a white beam of light beckoning from the rafter and discovered the pill, which she swallowed. Immediately, she found that she could fly. Just at that moment, Yì returned home, and realizing what had happened, began to reprimand her. Chang'e flew out the window into the sky.

With bow in hand, Yì sped after her, and the pursuit continued halfway across the heavens. Finally, Yì had to return to the Earth because of the force of the wind. Chang'e reached the moon, and breathless, she coughed. Part of the pill fell out from her mouth. Now, the hare was already on the moon, and Chang'e commanded the animal to make a pill from it, so that she could return to earth to her husband.

As of today, the hare is still pounding. As for Yì, he built himself a palace in the sun as "Yang" (the male principle), while Chang'e is "Yin" (the female principle). Once a year, on the 15th day of the full moon, Yì visits his wife. That is why the moon is full and beautiful on that night.

(Read more about the Mid-Autumn (Moon) Festival: link)